This document represents the first joint publication of the Forest Valuation Standards by the Institute of Foresters of Australia (IFA), trading as Forestry Australia, and the New Zealand Institute of Forestry (NZIF).

Forest valuation methods continue to evolve in response to emerging markets for carbon offsets and the growing recognition of other natural capital values , while sustainability-related reporting obligations , are expected to influence how valuation standards develop in the future, broadening the scope of forest appraisal beyond traditional metrics.

In presenting this inaugural edition of the joint Forestry Australia–NZIF Forest Valuation Standards, we gratefully acknowledge the support of Forest and Wood Products Australia (FWPA), and the substantial contribution and commitment of:

· The NZIF Forest Valuation Working Party

· The Forestry Australia Forest Valuation Committee and Working Group

This publication is the result of a collaborative effort and is offered to all members of Forestry Australia and NZIF as a guide to best-practice forest appraisal.

The document will be made available electronically to members of both organisations via their respective websites, with updates issued periodically.

FOREST VALUATION WORKING GROUPS

Forestry Australia Forest Valuation Committee and Working Group
The Australian Forest Valuation Standard (A Standard for Valuing Commercial Forests in Australia – ‘AFVS’) and associated Handbook were published in 2012. They were developed to provide professional and sectoral interpretation to the formal standards applied to forest valuations in Australia. The AFVS played a key role in provided guidance and sectoral confidence in addressing issues associated with forestry valuations.

At a meeting of Forestry Australia on 26th August 2016 participants endorsed a proposal to refresh the process for managing and maintaining the AFVS. The Forestry Australia Forest Valuation Standard Committee was formed to provide a forum for bringing together the practitioners and procurers of forest valuations, being individual forest owners and managers. One of the key drivers for this was to build and disseminate knowledge, to create confidence in the sector, and avoid concentration of risk.

NZIF Forest Valuation Working Party
The Council of the New Zealand Institute of Forestry established the Forest Valuation Working Party in 1993. In August 1994 a Discussion Draft set of Forest Valuation Guidelines was released and submissions invited. A substantially revised Exposure Draft was released in October 1996 and again submissions were invited. A final version of the Standards was released in May 1999. The Forest Valuation Working Party continued to develop the Forest Valuation standards. The Working Party published four supplementary technical releases in following years. An exposure draft representing a partial update of the standards was released in April 2019. Submissions were invited and the Working Party disseminated revised updates in September 2020.

Forestry Australia Forest Valuation Committee and Working Group
A Formal Forestry Australia Committee was convened in September 2016, with Terms of reference including:

  1. A standing Committee of Forestry Australia be created with the purpose of further development, managing updates and promoting the Australian Forest Valuation Standard.
  2. The Committee will publicise meetings and invitations will be issued to Members of the Forestry Australia and other interested parties;
  3. The Committee will seek to establish formal ties with the New Zealand Valuation Working Party; and
  4. The Committee seek support from appropriate funding sources to provide funding for further development and promotion of the AFVS.

NZIF Forest Valuation Working Party
The NZIF Terms of reference is as follows:

  1. To develop guidelines for forest valuation which include:
    • The purpose for forest valuation
    • Alternative approaches to forest valuation for each purpose
    • Guidelines on the appropriate method for each purpose
    • Standards of forest description
    • A checklist of valuation inputs
    • Guidelines on reporting format including:
    − Disclosure of valuation inputs
    − The methodology employed
    − Disclaimers
  2. Reconciliation of change in value over time.
  3. To liaise, as appropriate, with other interested parties both in New Zealand and overseas, and if necessary, co-opt other persons with specialist knowledge to assist in deliberations.
  4. To recommend to Council means of implementing the guidelines including mechanisms for professional education.
  5. To recommend to Council the desirability of frequency and format for collection and publication of commonly applied valuation inputs including log price information, discount rates and costs.
  6. To recommend to Council the desirability of, and mechanics for the collection, analysis and publication of market values for forest sale transactions.

Notes:

  1. Forest valuation guidelines should be developed for at least the following purposes:
    • Statutory reporting for companies (Public, Private, SOE, Local Bodies)
    • Prospectus promotion
    • Client reporting for:
    − Sale and purchase
    − Partnership accounts
    − Insurance cover
    − Compensation
    − Disputes/expert advice
    − Collateral
    − Taxation
    Forest valuation carried out by company or organisation staff for in-house use (e.g. management reporting or decision making) are beyond the scope of these terms of reference.
  2. Current company accounting policy on the treatment of forest values in company accounts should be reviewed by the Working Party particularly in terms of any interaction and linkage with forest valuation methods. However, it is not the role of this Working Party to develop guidelines on accounting policy.
  3. Forest valuation guidelines should, at least in the first instance, be restricted to the valuation of plantation in terms of monetary values.
Enquiries about this document are welcome and should be sent to:

Australia
Post:
Convenor, Forestry Australia Forest Valuation Committee
PO Box 2585
North Ringwood VIC 3134, Australia

Email: admin@forestry.org.au

New Zealand
Post:
Convenor, NZIF Forest Valuation Working Party
NZ Institute of Forestry
PO Box 10-513
Wellington 6143, New Zealand

INTRODUCTION

Revised Date
PREFACE February 2026

1. PART A

BACKGROUND ISSUES Revised Date
CHAPTER A1  Purposes of Forest Valuation December 2025
CHAPTER A2 What is Value December 2025
CHAPTER A3 – Methods of Forest Valuation December 2025
CHAPTER A4 – Discount Rates December 2025
CHAPTER A5 – Taxation December 2025
CHAPTER A6 – Funding & Ownership Structure December 2025
CHAPTER A7 The Nature of the Markets for Forests December 2025

2. PART B

FOREST DESCRIPTION AND VALUATION STANDARDS  Revised Date
CHAPTER B1 – Description of Land December 2025
CHAPTER B2 – Forest Area December 2025
CHAPTER B3 – Stand History December 2025
CHAPTER B4 – Difference of Aggregation of Stand Areas December 2025
CHAPTER B5 – Yield Estimation December 2025
CHAPTER B6 – Standard for Declaration of Value of Land (Australia) December 2025
CHAPTER B7 – Describing Cost December 2025
CHAPTER B8 – Disclosure of Prices December 2025
CHAPTER B9 – Disclosure of Valuation Uncertainty December 2025
CHAPTER B10 – Discount Rates December 2025
CHAPTER B11 – Taxation Effects (Australia) December 2025
CHAPTER B12 – Forest Valuation Method December 2025
CHAPTER B13 – Disclosing Change in Value Over Time December 2025
CHAPTER B14 – Insurance Cover, Compulsory Sale & Compensation December 2025
CHAPTER B15 – EXPOSURE DRAFT

– Standard of Valuation of Carbon (Australia)

– Carbon Guidance Notes

November 2025

3. PART C

 PRESENTATION STANDARDS                                                                                                Revised Date
CHAPTER C1 – Sources and References December 2025
CHAPTER C2 – Presentation and Limitations December 2025

4. PART D

 VALUATION CHECKLIST                                                                                                          Revised Date
CHAPTER D1 – Preface December 2025
CHAPTER D2 – Introduction December 2025
CHAPTER D3 – Forest Valuation Method December 2025
CHAPTER D4 – Forest Description December 2025
CHAPTER D5 – Valuation Uncertainty December 2025
CHAPTER D6 – Valuation December 2025
CHAPTER D7 – Presentation & Limitations December 2025

5. PART E

GLOSSARY                                                                                                                                Revised Date
CHAPTER E1 – Glossary of Forestry Terms December 2025
CHAPTER E2 – Glossary of Forestry Economic Terms December 2025
CHAPTER E3 – Glossary of Symbols Currently Used in Forestry December 2025

STANDARD ARCHIVE